通过yzc666亚洲城的 咨询 和 培训 at TSI, conversations surrounding continuous improvement often reveal one common topic: the simple, 但强大的工具DMAIC(发音为de-MAY-ick). DMAIC是一个关键的工具 六西格玛 方法论是结构化的, 以yzc666亚洲城为中心, 数据驱动的, 用于分析和改进过程的改进技术. The DMAIC model can be implemented alone as a 过程改进 method or can be integrated with other 过程改进 倡议. It is typically used to bring structure to the improvement process 和 serves as a tool to help explore possible solutions or opportunities, 确定的行动步骤, 并以结构化的方式实现操作.
这给yzc666亚洲城带来了一个问题:什么是DMAIC? DMAIC流程, 也称为DMAIC模型, 是代表定义, 测量, 分析, 改善, 和控制. DMAIC经常与 精益 和 DMAIC六西格玛 improvement methodologies 和 affords a valuable option for any team or organization striving for improvement. 尽管yzc666亚洲城都在努力追求完美的过程, yzc666亚洲城也知道一个完美的过程是不现实的. 因此, 接受持续改进的概念, we continually aim for the identification 和 implementation of best practices 和 work to move closer towards perfect solutions for inefficiencies 和 imperfect processes.
学习和实施新的策略是具有挑战性的. 当考虑使用DMAIC模型时, it is important to select a 过程改进 project that is appropriate for the method. A few things to consider are two P’s 和 two M’s of selecting a project.
- Problem: Be sure the project focuses on an actual problem that exists within a process. 实际的问题是什么? 为什么这是个问题?
- Potential for 改善ment: Is there potential for improvement of the process? What is your hypothesis for areas of improvement that could result in improved efficiency, 节省成本或时间, 等.?
- 可管理:问题有多复杂? 这个项目是否易于管理?
- 可测量的:yzc666亚洲城如何知道yzc666亚洲城正在改进过程? In what ways can we measure what we aim to achieve through the DMAIC process?
Once you have identified a satisfactory project, you are ready to begin! 以帮助减少学习新概念的压力, DMAIC流程的每个阶段都有详细的描述.
定义
The 定义 stage kicks off the identification of what problem you aim to solve. 这需要时间和小心, detailed planning 和 will provide structure 和 scaffolding around the entire improvement process. 在这个阶段, create a clear statement that identifies the problem 和 sets boundaries around the scope of the intended improvement process. A project charter is often used to determine 和 document objectives for the project, 定义成功, 确定项目的预期影响, 明确角色和期望. Regardless of the method selected for documenting actions taken during the DMAIC 定义 stage, it is important to document any 和 all details that will help manage the project throughout the next four stages of the DMAIC process. 重要的DMAIC定义步骤包括:
- 确定问题、目标和改进的机会
- 定义项目的范围
- 确定涉及的和受影响的利益相关者
- 评估项目对所有涉众的影响
- 塑造项目团队
- 识别和映射相关的过程
- 定义相关方的需求
- 通过批准确认所有确定阶段行动和计划
测量
The second stage of the DMAIC model is the 数据驱动的 measure stage wherein methods are determined to provide baseline measurements that are quantifiable 和 can be compared to post-improvement outcomes 和 results. 在这个阶段, processes are 记录 和 a baseline from which to improve is defined. 以便知道改进措施的方向, 了解流程当前如何执行是必要的. 测量ment provides a snapshot or progress during 和 at the conclusion of a project. The team must determine the appropriate measurement methods 和 frequency for data collection. 测量ment is an essential part of the DMAIC process as it affords an indication of progress, 需要修改或改变方向, 和改进. 测量贯穿于整个过程直到完成. 测量步骤包括:
- Develop methods for measuring 和 collecting data to evidence progress 和改进
- Create a plan for data collection including frequency 和 person(s) responsible
- 确定基线数据(当前状态数据)
- 分析和监控数据
分析
The next DMAIC process stage is 分析 which determines the root cause of the problem. Underst和ing the true causes of or reasons behind the problem enables later discovery of solutions that actually target 和 resolve the identified problem. 许多流程都有多个问题. Focusing on the causes as opposed to the outcomes or symptoms of the problem helps to ensure that actual causes become the focus for improvement, 将进程本身保持在DMAIC进程的中心. 没有正确的分析, focus can be distracted to solutions that don’t actually confront or solve the actual problem leading to unintended waste of time 和 resources 和 can even lead to other problems. 分析步骤包括:
- 写一个问题陈述
- 进行根本原因分析
- 分析工艺细节
- 测量并记录数据
- 确定根本原因
- 验证问题的原因
- 开始计划改进的行动
改善
DMAIC流程 改善 stage illuminates the steps to be implemented to resolve the problem. The plans 和 measures identified earlier in the DMAIC model are now implemented. 改进流程并不简单, 线性过程, 而是涉及到行动, 行动的评估和测量, 并对行动进行修改以确保改进. This stage should be supported by data 和 any associated risks should be identified, 记录, 并在整个改进行动中得到缓解. It is essential to track improvement activities throughout the project to ensure efficiency, 彻底性, 和透明度. DMAIC改进步骤包括:
- 开发解决方案的想法
- 明确潜在的和预期的利益
- 构建修订后的过程和计划
- 设计并实施解决方案和实施计划
- 实施改善措施的措施
- 与所有利益相关者沟通计划和进展
- 记录计划、进展和结果
控制
DMAIC模型的最后一个阶段是控制. The 控制 stage determines how to sustain the improvement 和 make sure improvements don’t diminish over time. How can gains be maintained 和 transitioned to best practices 和 part of the improved process? 通过控制阶段, 制定监测和响应计划以跟踪改进情况, 在缺乏性能时做出反应, 确保项目目标的实现. 控制步骤包括:
- 验证和记录改进
- 记录改进的过程
- 验证项目目标的实现
- 庆祝并分享项目的成功成果
- 持续改进和利用在DMAIC过程中吸取的经验教训
结论
In summary, the DMAIC process is a structured, 数据驱动的 approach to improvement. 它需要纪律和对细节的关注, 但如果实施得当, 能够以可持续的方式产生强大的改变和改善. 您认为在您的工作中使用DMAIC模型的方式是什么? What processes could benefit from applying the DMAIC process to spearhead improvement for your department or team? 转换解决方案 欢迎您的想法，并邀请您成为DMAIC的思想yzc666亚洲城!
